450w XFX enough for budget build?

Your psu requirement is dictated almost entirely by the graphics card. You are ok there.

As to the best cpu, it depends on the games you will play.
Most games use only 2-3 cores, so the faster cores 2 cores + hyperthreads of a i3-3220 will often perform better.
On the other hand, some games like BF3 multiplayer and FSX are very cpu heavy and are multi core enabled so a 6 core cpu is better there. Here is an older analysis for you to read: http://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/gaming-fx-pentium-apu-benchmark,3120-6.html
The i3-3220 is faster than the 2100 in the charts.
 
Does your XFX HD 7850 use two or one 6-pin PCI-E power connector? The two BLACK EDITION cards and the DOUBLE DISSIPATION EDITION [FX-785A-CDFC] require two 6-pin PCI-E power connectors. All of the other XFX HD 7850 models require only one 6-pin PCI-E power connector.

The XFX 450W Core Edition V2 Full Wired (Bronze) (P1-450S-X2B9) power supply unit only has one (6+2)-pin PCI-E power connector.
 

yummerzzz

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The one he is asking about actually has one 6pin and one 6+2pin PCIE connector.

 
From what I've seen most list a 500w power supply to power that card properly. It will probably work but not at full efficiency. If your going to go AMD the FX-4170 has a stock speed of 4.2Ghz, and the FX-8350 is a 4.0Ghz. The Intel i3 will probably give you better performance but they are locked. You could go for a Pentium and save you money and upgrade to a i5 later.
 

If you look on the webpage, that the OP links to, you'll see:
Order Code: XFX-PS450, Manf.Code: P1-450S-X2B9

The XFX webpage for that model states:
Fixed 6+2-pin PCI-E:1

It looks like Novatech never bothered to update the specifications because they still show the old P1-450S-U2B9 model number for the discontinued product which did have one 6-pin and one (6+2)-pin PCI-E connectors.