xernhoj,
Sorry you had this loss!
A very good replacement might be to buy more or less the most modern direct replacement for the i7-2600K, which is the Intel Core i7-4770K Haswell > 3.5GHz LGA 1150 84W Quad-Core Desktop Processor Intel HD Graphics. Where the i7-2600K has a Passmark ranking of No. 55 with a score of 8487 and cost new $294., the i7-4770K is ranked No 16 at 10140 and cost $337. Being a "K" model, it may be overclocked. I assume that if you have a "K" and a liquid cooling system that the replacement CPU will be overclocking for game use and the 4770K is starting with a 15-20% advantage above the 2600K. For slightly less cost, there is the 3rd generation, Intel Core i7-3770K @ 3.50GHz rating No. 27 at 9599 and $310. Overall, I would say the 4770K is the best value and is more future-looking as it uses the LGA 1150 motherboard. A lot of gamers are using the i5-3570K, but the i5 is not hyperthreading and if the cost is not prohibitive, I believe an i7 will have higher performance and a Haswell will be useful for a longer period before upgrading.
As for motherboard, in Passmark baselines, the 7th highest performing i7-4770K system uses>
GIGABYTE GA-Z87-D3HP LGA 1150 Intel Z87 HDMI SATA 6Gb/s USB 3.0 ATX Intel Motherboard $135.
> and the higher performing boards are ASUS Sabertooth ($250) and Maximus VI ($400), so the GA-Z87 > which again is similar to your original board > appears to be a very good cost /performance choice.
On the subject of the cause of your misfortune, i you have access to eBay, I have had very good luck with buying used isolation transformer power conditioners- as used in hospitals. These filter RF interference, have very sophisticated surge protection, and even out the voltage. The power in Los Angeles is very odd- in my living room, one outlet can vary from 109 to 131V at different times and the high winds break off tree limbs which fall on power lines. I have 6 of these conditioners- Powervar and OneAc rated at 6.5 to 12 Amps and while they were often $1,200 new, I never paid more than $100 and use them on all my audio and computer gear - (except vacuum tube power amplifiers). For a computer system, have a minimum 6 Amp rated one.
Cheers,
BambiBoom