Two things to try, at the router, plug the pc into a port that is either unused, or used by a working PC, and check connectivity, if still no connectivity, from that same ncpa.cpl screen, rightt click local area connection, click properties, click Internet protocol version4 (dont hit the checkbox, click the words) click properties, ensure that the radio buttons are set to automatically assign ip and automatically assign dns
As a side note, in some cases after a loss of connection, especially if IP changes occur etc, a firewall can see the network as 'untrusted' Some programs like norton, you can right click the icon in the system tray by the time, and usually there is an option to trust the network.
If all of that is okay/doesnt work click start, in start search type cmd press enter
type ipconfig /all and let me know the output, a screenshot woul do best if you have no way it off the pc, need the ipv4 address, default gateway, subnet mask of the Ethernet Local area connection