Thanks for the additional info, that will help. I'm looking at your mobo's manual for further info.
1. You do NOT need that jumper on pins 5 and 6 on your SATA HDD. On p. 23 of the manual it says for a WESTERN DIGITAL unit (is that what you have?) placing a jumper there will limit it to the oldest SATA 1.5 Gb/s communication speed. NOTE that this jumper position is different if your HDD is by another manufacturer. BUT also note that your mobo does NOT need to have the HDD slowed down like that - the mobo fully supports SATA II (that is, SATA 3.0 Gb/s in current naming), so you should NOT have that jumper in place.
2. On p.33 of the manual it outlines how to set the hard disk configuration. It appears your BIOS configures IDE and SATA ports all at once and allows for two possible OS situations. For older versions of Windows (that is, NT and older) you must set to Compatible because those OS's only allow up to 4 IDE devices. In that case, you then have to make a further choice of using the one real IDE port plus SATA ports 2 and 4, or SATA ports 1 and 3 plus the IDE port. It does not say what the difference is, there, but MAYBE it implies that the two SATA ports in use could be treated as either the Primary or the Secondary IDE port. HOWEVER, that page also says that if you are going to install Win XP or more recent - and you ARE - you should set it to Enhanced - which you say you did - because those OS's can handle more devices. It does not say this directly, but it implies that, in this setting, ALL four SATA ports PLUS the IDE port are Enabled, and you do not have to choose which set of ports are available. Just to be sure, go into BIOS Setup again and verify that this choice is set to Enhanced. Remember that, if you change anything, you MUST finish by using the SAVE and Exit option.
3. Now, you say you have set this to Enhanced, but still the new SATA HDD does not appear to work. The screen shot of the boot messages shows that the two devices on the IDE1 port are detected correctly, and a HDD is also detected on the SATA II port #1, but then the "Primary Master Hard Disk" has an error. Presumably this is the the SATA HDD. Then your other screen shot of the BIOS Setup page for Advanced ... Primary IDE Master shows you set it correctly but the device is detected wrongly - it thinks there's a Hard Disk with no space and no support for any features! That really looks like your HDD is faulty, OR the cable connections are faulty. You have already tried changing data cables, and changing the SATA port you connect to. This really sounds like a faulty HDD, and the only other test I can suggest is trying to connect it to a different computer to see if it still looks faulty. BUT be SURE to remove that jumper on pins 5 and 6 - it is not needed, and MIGHT be causing a problem.
4. When you do get a SATA HDD working in this machine and are ready to re-Install Win 7 on it, I have an important suggestion. First, some background. When you Install Win 7, it looks around the machine for a second HDD. If it finds one, it places some semi-hidden backup files for the OS on that second HDD, plus some critical boot records, and then does the Install on your main HDD. This is part of a process to save you from a possible future HDD failure. If the OS files on your main HDD get corrupted in future so you can't boot, it will automatically look for the backups and restore from them, then complete the boot for you. Very nice way to save you a big headache! BUT this also means that EVERY time you boot the OS will look for those backups and, if it can't find them, it cannot boot! So if you ever remove that second HDD, you're stuck! (Well, there is a solution for that, too.) For this reason, some people defeat part of this safety feature. When you go to Install Win 7, if you only have ONE HDD in the machine it will place the backups on that HDD (which is the one you're installing the OS on, anyway). So you still have backups, but they are a little less safe because they are not on a separate HDD unit. However, you can boot and run with ONLY that HDD in place.
SO, if you want to go this way, when you plan your Win 7 Install, do this:
(a) Note that you do NOT need to Partition or Format or Initialize the new SATA HDD unit before starting the Install. The Install process will do these tasks for you before doing its main work. Also note that you will NOT need to install SATA or AHCI device drivers from a floppy disk using the F6 key process during the Install. Win 7 HAS its own drivers for AHCI and will install / use them automatically.
(b) DISconnect your old IDE HDD. This means you will need to unplug from it the wide data cable (the END connector on the ribbon), the disconnect the MIDDLE connector from your optical drive and plug into that the END connector. If you have jumpers set on your IDE drive and optical drive to make them Master and Save, temporarily reset the jumper on the optical drive to make it the port Master. This will make the optical drive the only device on the IDE1 port, and its Master. (Any IDE port MUST have a Master device to work.) Close up and reconnect power.
(c) Place the Win 7 Install CD in the optical drive. Boot into BIOS Setup and go to the Boot Settings Configuration screen (manual p. 39) and set your choices. For example, in my machine I have it set to try my floppy drive first (yes, I have one), then the optical drive, thirdly my SATA drive, and NO other choices. Now SAVE and EXIT, and the machine should boot from the Install CD. Do the Win 7 Install to the new SATA HDD.
(d) When completely done, remove the Install CD then shut down and disconnect power. Reverse the temporary changes to the IDE devices. Change the jumper on the optical unit to become a Slave again, and change the connectors of the ribbon cable - Middle one to the optical unit, End one to the old IDE HDD. Close up and reconnect power. When you boot, go into BIOS Setup again and check the Boot Settings Configuration screen to be sure it has not changed - you don't want to be booting from the old IDE drive any more. If you have to make an adjustment SAVE and Exit. The machine should boot from the SATA drive which should now be your C: drive. The optical unit and your old IDE drive should both be available for use in My Computer. IF you want to change which drive letter is assigned to each of these, you can do that in Disk Management.