I have an Acer Z5610 all in one pc. I'd like to convert the usb ports to usb 3.0 but I don't think it's physically possible wi

It`s not possible.

It has nothing to do with the usb ports them self.

It is down to the chip set of the mother board.
The chip that deals with the data to and from them.

The difference between a usb 2.0 to 3.0 port is not down to its connector.