These are the classic symptoms of a failed Hard Drive. Try entering your System BIOS (Setup) and look for a Hard Drive test.
If none found, you will need access to another machine to download and run Seatools to create a bootable disk to check your Drive.
http://www.seagate.com/support/internal-hard-drives/consumer-electronics/ld25-series/seatools-dos-master/
If it's not your drive at fault, either reset your Laptop to Factory Settings (Asus usually F11 at Power On) or use another machine running Win 8 to create a Recovery Disk.
Create Recovery
1. Repair Disk
2. System Image
This can be achieved by typing 'Recovery' at your Start Screen, and from Settings choose Windows 7 File Recovery for either a Repair Disk or System Image. Ideally create on USB Flash drives (Too many failures on DVDs!)
Edit
Having glanced at the Manual
http://dlcdnet.asus.com/pub/ASUS/nb/S400CA/E7598_eManual_S400CA.pdf
I don't think you have a Recovery Partition, it looks as if F9 is relied on to bring up Troubleshooting, which is fine if Windows runs, useless otherwise. Meanwhile if you created a Recovery disk and a System Image as recommended use these to recover your OS. If not, you need to download Win 8 from
http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?linkid=271128
and create an installation disk. Of course, RMA your Laptop if it is less than a year old...and I'm aware that you have an SSD cache that will complicate matters if it fails!