Assuming the Haswell generation Core i7 is also a quad core version, the overall raw performance increase would be about 41%.
The i7 2670qm is a Sandy Bridge generation CPU. Ivy Bridge CPUs are on average 6% more powerful than Sandy Bridge CPUs. Haswell CPUs are on average 6% more powerful than Ivy Bridge CPUs. Therefore, a Haswell generation quad core i7 CPU running at 3.9GHz would be considered equal to a Sandy Bridge i7 CPU running at 4.38GHz (3.9GHz * 1.06 * 1.06). 4.38GHz is about 41% greater than 3.1GHz.
How does that translate into gaming performance depends on the game itself. BioShock is an example of a game that simply does not give a damn how powerful your CPU as long as it does not bottleneck the GPU. That increase of 41% in raw performance will probably give you an extra 2 FPS at best.
On the other extreme, SimCity is one of those rare games that are truly CPU limited. From overclocked benchmarks that I have seen there is nearly a 1 to 1 ratio increase in terms of CPU performance and actual FPS increase. Meaning If you overclock or install a CPU that is 33% more powerful, your FPS will also increase by 33%. However, as stated SimCity is a rare case.
For the most part I would say that you should see between an increase of 0% and at best half of the actual raw CPU performance increase when it comes to game performance. In other words, expect between a 0% to 20% increase in FPS depending on how CPU intensive the game is.