No, 500W isn't always enough for a 7870 or 290x. In my system with my 4 hard drives and all the other devices I run, liquid cooling, etc., I haven't installed a dedicated graphics card yet and the system already requires a bare minimum of 515W. I can run the 7870 with a 630W power supply, no less.
Like I said, it depends on what all you have plugged into your system that draws power, and your mileage may vary. You can do it on 500w if you only have one HDD and not much else plugged in. Quality of the PSU notwithstanding, the amount of power it provides and the amount your system needs has to be balanced. It doesn't matter if you have a high quality one or not. A high quality AAA battery isn't going to power my office paper shredder, even if I get the best brand out there. Just check the calculator to make sure.
I'm not saying you don't have enough, I'm just saying not every 500w build can handle it, so check it out first to be safe.