For multiple reasons, this will not work:
1. The laptop drive will not boot in the new hardware
2. Even if it does (2% chance), it will not work correctly
3. Now you've turned a working laptop into a useless frisbee. No drive and no OS.
4. Licensing. That license is tied to that motherboard on the laptop.
You might be able to convince MS to authorize that key on the new machine, but there is zero guarantee of that.
Suggestion:
Sell the laptop, OS included, and buy a proper Windows license for the new machine.
Everyone benefits. Someone gets a good used laptop, and you get a little bit of profit and a valid key for your new machine.