New Home, Professional Wifi Solutions?

bmather9

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I recently purchased my first home and am planning to run Cat6 throughout. At the same time I'll be setting up my wifi access points at strategic locations to get full coverage over my house and back yard. The house is not enormous at 2400 sq ft, but I don't want to compromise with weak signal in some areas. So I'm fairly certain using 1 standard wireless router will not cut it.

I'm planning to run everything on 802.11ac assuming its the newest and the best thing around. I run a home NAS server and will have video streaming devices in just about every room. In the future I intend to setup some home automation features that may use wifi as well as IP cameras, etc. I'll probably commandeer part of a closet to store the NAS server, main router, and any other centralized hardware I'll need. I'm comfortable using the NAS server for other tasks to manage the network if necessary (It's a somewhat powerful box running full Ubuntu Server). I've currently been using DDWRT on my main gateway router for a few years, so I'd be comfortable using something like that if it's a worthy option.

My main concern is with wifi roaming between multiple access points. I've had issues with this before where "sticky clients" would remain connected to a weaker access point. I've been reading a few places, but haven't found a good solution that would fit a reasonable budget. I'm willing to spend some money to make this work properly, but don't want to go overboard.
I've read a few article like this one: (http://hometoys.com/emagazine.php?art_id=1909) but have yet to discover a good solution to use at home.

I want things to look professional to keep the wife happy. So for access point location, I've been considering the attic, but I'm worried about overheating during the southern Georgia summers. Any tips on where to locate the access points?

Something I've been unable to find info on is antennas. I've seen plenty of people writing DIY's on how to change their antenna on a router for better coverage. Home much coverage can I gain with antennas? Could I potentially use 1 single wifi router and make my own antennas that connect to cables to run to the corners of the house? What's the difference between running cables to position antennas everywhere vs actually installing other access points?
So in summary:

1. How to fix wifi network roaming problems on a reasonable budget?
2. Best access point locations in a home?
3. Using cables and antennas instead of more access points a possibility?
4. What's the best hardware for me to invest in? Routers? APs? etc?
 

USAFRet

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To start, do NOT put the main router WiFi propagation point in the basement. I know that is quite common for the mancave or entertainment room, but that is the absolute worst place for a WiFi signal.

As for the rest? WiFi is as much an art as it is a science. Every house is different.

If you're running ethernet cable everywhere, a few access points sprinkled around might work well.
 

bmather9

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No basement here, so that won't be an issue. I guess I have a few places (higher elevation) in mind for the access points. But has anyone had success putting them in an attic that gets hot in the summer?

Regardless, how can I solve the wifi roaming issue?
 
If you are going to run the cable you can just put the AP in the middle of the ceiling like a commercial installation. Most AP are not much bigger than a smoke detector. Makes them easier to get to than in the attic.

I have never seen that technology you link but I have installed many of the other 2 that this site claims they are as good as. I have my doubts since if that was truly a better solution cisco,aviya,HP etc etc would license the technology. There are systems that use long coax cable and put indoor antenna in many rooms off a single AP but that has fallen out of favor since the new problem is not so much the coverage but pure radio capacity. The users are running huge amounts of traffic. I really don't know how their system works. Just putting in big radios generally doesn't work and the antenna systems are based on the old single antenna protocols.

Lets say you were to buy high quality microwave cable and splitters and and put a antenna in every room. This would solve the problem of the roaming but now your end user machine can not directly hear each other and will transmit over the top. This is similar to the repeater problem. The larger issue is you have given up all the abilities to mimo which requires the interference pattern between antenna. I suppose you could put 3 antenna per room but it gets expensive very fast. Good microwave cable is very expensive.

If your budget allows I would run a AP per room or area. A real AP tends to run PoE which make the wife proof installation much more acceptable since you are not dependent on power plugs.

The roaming issue as you found is just one of those things you are going to have to tolerate. If you were in a warehouse driving a forklift around between the AP zones I can see needing it. Most times I recommend people set the SSID to different SSID and then manually control it. It not like it takes that long and how many people are pacing up and down the hall watching a video. Unlike the commercial system that will tolerate even IP changes between AP in a home you should not even drop your connections. If you want to try the automated method with windows you can change the roaming aggressiveness and then turn the power on the AP way down so they barely overlap.

Be aware 802.11ac only runs on 5g. You will likely also have to design for 802.11n running on 2.4g for some of the older equipment.

Then cable as much of your equipment like ip cameras as possible. There really is only so much wireless bandwidth to go around and the less you use the more that is around for the other devices.
 

Pooneil

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duffdry

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I am considering the same AP for my attic. How well does it work inside and outside of your house?
Thank you in advance!



 
I'd add another vote to PoE WAPs. It reduces the cable clutter, and means you can wall-mount access points near the ceiling and it looks fairly professional.

Handoff isn't always a major issue, but some devices are better than others. Most WiFi cards have a 'swappiness' or 'roaming aggressiveness' settings, but these aren't usually exposed on Android/iOS devices.

Most 802.11ac WAPs are simultaneous dual band, meaning that they've got an 802.11n radio on 2.4GHz.
 

bmather9

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Anyone heard of this company's unifi solution? http://www.ubnt.com/

It seems like it should solve the roaming problems with some software that I could run on my NAS server. Their hardware seems pretty expensive though.
 
Ubiquiti's a fairly large brand, and I know a bunch of people with their long-range outdoor stuff. Can't say I've heard of Unifi, though.

I'm unsure how much trouble handoffs would be. Remember that they only really occur when you're moving between areas, and the main issue is clients that wait for the signal strength to drop very low before switching. I wouldn't bother with central management in a home space, personally.

Ubiquiti uses a non-standard 24V PoE system, and most of their APs are 2.4GHz-only. I'd probably avoid them - they blow up when connected to a 48V supply.

How far away from other (neighbouring) networks would the house be, and what are the interior walls made of? It's possible that you'll be able to run the whole place off one AP, depending on how it's laid out.
 

bmather9

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My house is not too far from a few other houses running wifi; interior walls are drywall and exterior is concrete based siding like hardiplank.

I'm torn between a solution like Unifi vs. a single AP. I could probably get away with a single AP for the size of my house; I'm actually doing fine right now with a single Linksys WRT600 that is not even centrally located, but I also haven't spent much time on the other side of the house or in the back yard, both of which are places I want to be sure work well with WiFi. I have used 2 standard routers as APs with the same SSID in the past and the roaming problems seemed very annoying. That's why I'm digging so much to look for a viable solution.

It looks like an 802.11ac Unifi AP costs about $300 and their PoE switch can be found for around $90. Obviously quite steep, but what do other PoE solutions cost? If I put the APs in the attic I wouldn't need PoE, but is there a rugged 802.11ac AP that could stand higher temps in the attic?

Is there any open source solution that could provide seamless roaming with something like DDWRT combined with my home server?

I also haven't planned what I will use for my primary network hub; should I just buy a large gigabit switch (16 or 32 ports)? Or could I daisy-chain a few smaller 8-port switches? I'll probably end up using smaller switches in locations like the home media center, where multiple devices will be connected. But I guess on the other hand I could run seperate Cat6 cable for each device directly to the main hub? Any good diagrams out there beyond the basics?
 
 

Pooneil

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It is in the far corner of my garage to provide WiFi within the garage, behind the garage where an RV is parked, and in my back yard. I get great service from it penetrating the plywood interior and clap board exterior walls. The closest inside access point had to penetrate insulated brick walls and the garage and so only gave spotty service in those areas.
 

bmather9

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At this point I'm torn between using 2 or 3 UniFi APs but they would only be 802.11n, or using a single consumer grade WiFI router that is 802.11ac. I only have a few devices that even support 802.11ac, but in preparing for the future it would be nice. On the other hand, using multiple UniFi APs would ensure I have good coverage throughout.

The 802.11ac UniFi AP is a bit to expensive for me, although I could use the 802.11n version for a few years and hopefully upgrade to the AC version in the future? On the other hand I could just purchase a single AC UniFi AP for now which will probably be enough coverage and add more in the future. \

Some good reviews on the Unifi stuff I found here:
http://www.smallnetbuilder.com/wireless/wireless-reviews/32188-ubiquiti-unifi-30-enterprise-wi-fi-platform-reviewed
http://www.smallnetbuilder.com/wireless/wireless-reviews/32153-ubiquiti-uap-ac-access-point-reviewed
http://www.smallnetbuilder.com/wireless/wireless-reviews/32189-ubiquiti-uap-lr-long-range-access-point-reviewed

The only other realistic option for seamless roaming that I've found is here: http://www.open-mesh.com/products/access-points.html

After further research I'm sold on using one larger switch and going for mostly home-runs; some locations I may still opt for a smaller local switch to connect many devices. I've never setup something like this before, so should I buy a dedicated wired router to run DHCP and act as a firewall which is then connected to the switch? Or would I be better off using my Ubuntu server as the firewall/dhcp?

At this point I have a box of Cat6 cable leftover from a previous project, but are there any other considerations for cabling? I've seen Cat6e and heard of using other methods like HDMI, but is there any merit to this? I'm guessing things would just get prohibitaively expensive, but I'm trying to do a bit of futureproofing with this install, hoping that 10G speeds will become a reality. Another thought, the cable I bought from monoprice is rated at 500MHz, but does not claim to be Cat6e? (http://www.monoprice.com/Product?ab3=b&utm_expid=58369800-11.R-enhtUGRrSdHz5vzpVS2g.1&c_id=102&cp_id=10234&cs_id=1023401&p_id=8102&seq=1&format=2&utm_referrer=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monoprice.com%2FCategory%3Fc_id%3D102%26cp_id%3D10234%26cs_id%3D1023401) Should I consider using better cable?
 
500m cat6 cable should work for 10g. They may just not have paid to certify it. Normal cat6 cable will work at 10g to 55m according to the specs. This may be long enough for most your runs anyway. So with this better cable and shorter runs you likely can get 10g.
 

bmather9

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Right now I still debating between these options:
1: Single consumer AC router $120 (good placement could mostly cover my area)
2: 2 or 3 AC consumer routers (great coverage, but I would potentially be dealing with roaming issues) $240 or $360
3: Single UniFi AC AP $300 (mostly well covered)
4: 2 or 3 UniFi N APs $160 or $200 (great coverage, great price, but lack of AC)

I guess I could splurge for 1 UniFi AC AP and 1 more UniFi N AP for $380 but I'm not sure if that's a good option.

Please let me know your opinions.
 

bmather9

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Ok, so I finally got around to running some tests with my trusty Linksys WRT-600N to see what kind of wifi coverage I can actually get. What I found was that, although my house isn't extremely large, that I was getting unsatisfactory signal in my garage and in the bonus room above the garage. The rest of the perimeter of the house was somewhat weak signal, but still seemed stable enough. I didn't even try the back yard or anywhere else outside after finding the bonus room wasn't working out.

So I'm convinced I'll need multiple WAPs, but still torn between the Unifi 802.11n vs using multiple consumer 802.11ac routers. At this point I'm really leaning towards the unifi solution just because I really hate not having a seamless network and I think I can sacrifice the speed of AC for now until their 802.11ac WAP prices come down.

Any other suggestions out there? Any consumer grade wireless routers that have seamless wifi roaming that I don't know about? Any other solutions?
 

Pooneil

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Think also about installation and your skills if you are planning on doing this yourself. Can you get access to the ceilings where you need to put the Unifis? Do you have a place to set up the POE? Do you have places on furniture convenient to electricity and Ethernet to set the consumer access points? What are the walls made of in case you make a mistake, paneling or drywall? Do you or your spouse want to see the access points on the furniture at all? In my experience it is much easier to run wire in a ceiling with an attic above than pull it down a wall.