This is regarding the 4-pin PWM fan headers on certain Gigabyte motherboards, specifically the GA-Z87X-UD4H.
After some poking and prodding it has become apparent that Gigabyte has goofed on the handling of PWM fan control relating to the environmental (fan) control chip. The 4-pin headers are the CPU_OPT, SYS_FAN1, SYS_FAN2, and SYS_FAN3 on the GA-Z87X-UD4H. Know that the CPU_OPT is mostly for pumps but it should by design, function as the others. The CPU_FAN is the only properly functioning PWM fan header. SYS_FAN4 is a 3-pin, variable voltage header.
PWM fans operate by receiving a constant 12 volts applied to the fan. Variations in RPMs are achieved by varying the PWM signal pulses sent from the fan control chip. Traditional non-PWM fans operate by varying the voltage sent to the fan, about 4-12 volts is typical in this application. The fourth pin, which carries the PWM signal, does receive approximately 5V at any given time during my testing. But I do not have access to an oscilloscope to test signal pulses.
Unfortunately, it seems that Gigabyte or ITE Tech has incorrectly engineered or coded this method, since the only header to receive a constant 12V is the CPU_FAN header. All other 4-pin headers operate by varying the voltage, hence not operating properly with PWM but by varying the voltage. This is true regardless if the PWM is sent to pin #4.
Most anyone using PWM fans would not notice the difference between the two methods. Nothing would be apparent to raise the issue. I realize this renders the issue moot but I freaking need to know because I'm a maniac.
Could someone else confirm...
- by using a scope, whether or not a PWM signal is being generated and/or applied to the fourth pin? If yes, does it fluctuate if manipulated by software; either Gigabyte's EasyTune-Smart Fan or Amico's SpeedFan?
- that other boards from this series or others from Gigabyte also operate in the same manner?
This voltage is very easy to discern if you have a multimeter, almost any will do the trick. If you have a spare or are willing to sacrifice a 4-pin cable with connector by exposing the raw wires or leads.
Carefully clip to the 12V and ground/common leads from the 4-pin header. Be sure the two do not touch while the PSU is on and at least powered off for 5 minutes. You could pop a fuse on your mobo. Confirm that you have selected MANUAL/PWM fan control in your BIOS. Boot to OS and fire up your favorite fan control software. Does the voltage change while changing the PWM percentage value?
Here are some details copied from the datasheet for the ITE Tech IT8728F chip that Gigabyte has chosen for the GA-Z87X-UD*H series motherboards.
IT8728F
Environment Control – Low Pin Count Input / Output
(EC - LPC I/O)
Fan Speed Controller
− Provides fan on-off and PWM control
− Supports 5 programmable Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) outputs
− 256 steps of PWM mode
− Monitors 5 fan tachometer inputs
− Provides fan close-loop control
The Fan Speed Controller can control up to five fan speeds through five separate 256 steps of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) output pins and monitor up to five FANs’ Tachometer inputs.
After some poking and prodding it has become apparent that Gigabyte has goofed on the handling of PWM fan control relating to the environmental (fan) control chip. The 4-pin headers are the CPU_OPT, SYS_FAN1, SYS_FAN2, and SYS_FAN3 on the GA-Z87X-UD4H. Know that the CPU_OPT is mostly for pumps but it should by design, function as the others. The CPU_FAN is the only properly functioning PWM fan header. SYS_FAN4 is a 3-pin, variable voltage header.
PWM fans operate by receiving a constant 12 volts applied to the fan. Variations in RPMs are achieved by varying the PWM signal pulses sent from the fan control chip. Traditional non-PWM fans operate by varying the voltage sent to the fan, about 4-12 volts is typical in this application. The fourth pin, which carries the PWM signal, does receive approximately 5V at any given time during my testing. But I do not have access to an oscilloscope to test signal pulses.
Unfortunately, it seems that Gigabyte or ITE Tech has incorrectly engineered or coded this method, since the only header to receive a constant 12V is the CPU_FAN header. All other 4-pin headers operate by varying the voltage, hence not operating properly with PWM but by varying the voltage. This is true regardless if the PWM is sent to pin #4.
Most anyone using PWM fans would not notice the difference between the two methods. Nothing would be apparent to raise the issue. I realize this renders the issue moot but I freaking need to know because I'm a maniac.
Could someone else confirm...
- by using a scope, whether or not a PWM signal is being generated and/or applied to the fourth pin? If yes, does it fluctuate if manipulated by software; either Gigabyte's EasyTune-Smart Fan or Amico's SpeedFan?
- that other boards from this series or others from Gigabyte also operate in the same manner?
This voltage is very easy to discern if you have a multimeter, almost any will do the trick. If you have a spare or are willing to sacrifice a 4-pin cable with connector by exposing the raw wires or leads.
Carefully clip to the 12V and ground/common leads from the 4-pin header. Be sure the two do not touch while the PSU is on and at least powered off for 5 minutes. You could pop a fuse on your mobo. Confirm that you have selected MANUAL/PWM fan control in your BIOS. Boot to OS and fire up your favorite fan control software. Does the voltage change while changing the PWM percentage value?
Here are some details copied from the datasheet for the ITE Tech IT8728F chip that Gigabyte has chosen for the GA-Z87X-UD*H series motherboards.
IT8728F
Environment Control – Low Pin Count Input / Output
(EC - LPC I/O)
Fan Speed Controller
− Provides fan on-off and PWM control
− Supports 5 programmable Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) outputs
− 256 steps of PWM mode
− Monitors 5 fan tachometer inputs
− Provides fan close-loop control
The Fan Speed Controller can control up to five fan speeds through five separate 256 steps of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) output pins and monitor up to five FANs’ Tachometer inputs.