-normally you only would get a kernel inpage error when a device driver is attempting to read data from storage it can not access.
-I would think you would not be running a device driver from a removable thumb drive. unless it was a bug in a USB driver
which would be fixed if you update the CPU chipset drivers or any third party USB drivers.
-it could be that your older hard drive has some bad sectors where the device drivers are located and a device driver is being corrupted.
(you should do a full format( not a quick format) of the drive before installing windows on a older drive. A full format will mark all the bad sectors or weak sectors as bad and you will not put files on them. (windows 8.x will fix drives on running systems in the background, windows 7 does not)
(you can run cmd.exe as a admin then run sfc.exe to check for corrupted core windows files)
- you can have memory corruption that can cause the driver to attempt to load in a bad memory location that results in this error
(run memtest86 to test your memory)
- bunch of other potential causes for this type of error.