Backing up an HDD that intermittently Disconnects

Magicfulness

Honorable
Nov 21, 2012
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10,510
I have an HDD that randomly disconnects. This HDD is my primary one, so I cannot start up any installed OSes. I must boot Lubuntu 14.04 from a USB drive.

From browsing the internet, I have come to the conclusion that my drive is dying. I have attempted to switch the SATA cable with one that I know works, and the same problem occurs. The only other thing I found out from browsing the web is that, as I said, my drive is dying and I should back it up.

The problem is that during backups, my dying HDD is still randomly disconnects, and this interrupts the backup process. I have no idea how to fix this, even temporarily, except perhaps one.

Seagate's troubleshooting tells me that it is possible to get a SATA to USB adapter and attempt to connect via USB drive. However, trying to find this adapter (in stores) has proven elusive. Should I attempt to order one?

My computer is this:
http://h10025.www1.hp.com/ewfrf/wc/document?docname=c01905330&cc=us&dlc=en&lc=en
I have not made a change to it since I got it, but it is almost five years old.

Other information includes a SMART test that told me my HDD was failing and that I should replace it (forgot exact wording) and a the PVHKD test which detected bad sectors consecutively for a long time, after a few minutes of normal testing (which I conclude to mean that the drive isdisconnecting after some time).

Also, I can temporarily open it on my USB-booted Linux, but after some time it eventually shows tan error message stating that the broken HDD "Failed to mount... No such device or address. Either the device is missing or it's powered down, or you have SoftRAID hardware." I can assure you I do not have SoftRAID hardware.
 
It probably disconnects because it hangs up while trying to reallocate bad sectors. A possible workaround is to disable retries and reallocation, but you would need to do this using special commands via the drive's serial diagnostic port.

More information at the HDD Oracle forum.