There are seven different basic RAID types, and then combinations of these where one array is within another array.
RAID 0 (striping) increases bandwidth and uses the full capacity of each disk, but if you lose one disk you lose all your data.
Setting up RAID 0 on a motherboard RAID controller however is likely slower than just a single drive because of the overhead.
RAID 1 (mirroring) gives you usable capacity of half you disks. There is some performance benefit during a read but not a write. This is done so that if you lose one disk you do not lose any data, but in the case of a motherboard RAID controller it is losing the motherboard you have to worry about. Any performance improvement here too will not compensate for the overhead.
The two RAID types above are the ones commonly used in home PCs and require at least two disks.
Other basic RAID levels require at least three disks and work by storing one or more parity bytes for stripe of data.
SSDs are supported by server grade RAID controllers but motherboard manufacturers usually warn you not to use them in a RAID configuration on their motherboards.
Honestly, if you want faster storage just buy a decent sized SSD for the boot drive and applications.