The type and number of ports that are on graphics cards are different because it is up to the card manufacturer what ports they deem necessary depending on the target consumer of the card.
For example, a high end workstation quadro card usually has a large number of some variation of Display Port or DVI. This is because the manufacturer expects that the person buying the card intends to use it with several high end monitors or other display devices, which require a digital, HD connection with a high bitrate.
On the other end of the spectrum, a geforce gtx or a radeon HD would likely have a mixture of either DVI, HDMI, or VGA. This is because they expect the card is being bought by a more average consumer, and they want to ensure that it can connect to a wider variety of different display devices like HD TVs, LCD monitors, CRTs, etc.