Terrible RAID 1 performance with onboard Intel controller and WD Black disks on Asus Z87 MB

Massimo80

Reputable
Dec 9, 2014
4
0
4,520
I have a system with the following setup:

M/B: Asus Z87 Deluxe
CPU: Intel Core i7-4770K
RAM: 32 GB
OS Disk: Kingston SSDNow 300 240 GB (Model no. SV300S37A/240G)
Data disks: 2x Western Digital Black 4 TB (Model no. WD4001FAEX)
O.S.: Windows 7 x64

The onboard SATA controller is configured for RAID mode, and the 2 data disks are configured as a single RAID 1 array; Windows correctly sees two drives, a 240 GB C: one and a ~4 TB D: one, both formatted using NTFS.

The problem is: the performance of the data volume is astonishingly bad.

Not so much on sustained data transfers, copying a big file from D: to C: is quite fast; but the general usage is just painful, random access is terrible and latency is a killer; sometimes all I/O just stops for several seconds, and the system locks up before resuming normal operation; copying or moving around small files is a pain, while copying or moving big files is much faster.

There are no errors anywhere, in the system event log or in the Intel RST software; the drives are brand new, and I've even updated the firmware on the Kingston SSD; I couldn't find any available firmware to download for the WD disks, their firmware release is 1.01L01.

I've tried several releases of the Intel RST software and drivers (up to the latest available one, 13.2.4.1000); the system BIOS is up to date, the RAID array has been fully initialized, and I enabled write-back caching; I also tried configuring the dynamic storage accelerator for high performance mode.

However, whatever I tried, the problem have never actually been solved, and it instead seem to be getting worse over time.

I'm I missing something here, or is the Intel onboard RAID controller just painfully slow? I know RAID 1 is not for performance but for redundancy (which is the exact reason I'm using it for), but shouldn't it at least be as fast a single drive? Something seems definitely wrong here.
 
Solution
I finally found out one of the disks was actually defective; I broke the RAID and configured the recontroller for AHCI mode, so that I could be able to run the Western Digital diagnostics tool on the disks; the tool reported that one disk was indeed flaky, and also, as soon as Windows acquired direct access to the disks without the RAID abstraction in the middle, lots of disk errors started popping out in the system event log. The disk is under warranty, thus I called Western Digital for a replacement.
Bottom line: the reason for the horrible slowness was a faulty disk, but the RAID controller completely failed to diagnose it, and was actually hiding the disk errors from the OS.

Massimo80

Reputable
Dec 9, 2014
4
0
4,520


Already done. I also disabled the Dynamic Storage Accelerator and the Link Power Management in Intel RST. Nothing changed.
 

popatim

Titan
Moderator
Raid 0 or 1 is nothing to the raid controller, unlike raid 5 or 6, since theres nothing to compute.
Ingoring the health status, is there anything unusual ini irst regarding both drives smart values?
like reallocated, uncorrectable, pending sectors?

Did you enable or change an overclock just before this began?

How full is C: and D: ?
 

Massimo80

Reputable
Dec 9, 2014
4
0
4,520


I know RAID 1 shouldn't be the culprit here, but it looks like it is, I've read of lots of people having performance issues with RAID 1 when using Intel onboard controllers.

[/quotemsg]
Did you enable or change an overclock just before this began?
[/quotemsg]

No overclock whatsoever, and this began as soon as I assembled the system, almost a year ago. The data volume has always been painfully slow, actually a lot slower than my previous setup (which was remarkably similar but used 500 GB disks and a Asus P5Q motherboard).



Both are less than half full.
 

Massimo80

Reputable
Dec 9, 2014
4
0
4,520
I finally found out one of the disks was actually defective; I broke the RAID and configured the recontroller for AHCI mode, so that I could be able to run the Western Digital diagnostics tool on the disks; the tool reported that one disk was indeed flaky, and also, as soon as Windows acquired direct access to the disks without the RAID abstraction in the middle, lots of disk errors started popping out in the system event log. The disk is under warranty, thus I called Western Digital for a replacement.
Bottom line: the reason for the horrible slowness was a faulty disk, but the RAID controller completely failed to diagnose it, and was actually hiding the disk errors from the OS.
 
Solution