Actually, I doubt you will find anything helpful on the Asus website, UNLESS there is a known problem with your motherboard or the chipset. In that case, you might find an updated BIOS or updated chipset drivers, but from what you've posted, you already have the latest BIOS. The chipset drivers MIGHT be the problem; it is possible that yours have been corrupted and need to be reinstalled to correct this, but we don't have enough information yet to make that determination.
As makkem mentioned, power and data are not carried on the same pins, because that would require more complicated signal processing. At the risk of oversimplifying things, the outer pins provide power and ground, while the inner pins are for data transmit and data receive. Although the USB ports might seem unrelated, they share connections on the motherboard. Individual ports can malfunction from normal usage; over time, solder joints can become brittle. Eventually, the connection can degrade enough to affect the function of the port. That might be what you are experiencing right now, but again, we don't know enough to make a call on that one way or the other.
I hope you will try using Linux to diagnose the problem; it won't affect your Windows installation by running it from the flash drive, but you will know immediately whether or not you have a physical problem with the hardware or a problem related to the Windows OS or related software. You can save yourself a LOT of time and aggravation using the method I suggested, and of course, you can use the same trick to test any other hardware in the future. For example, if your optical device stops working, is it a problem with Windows, a problem with a driver, a problem with an app, or a problem with the hardware itself? Using an entirely different operating system to test it immediately tells you the condition of the hardware; if it works under Linux, you have an OS / software problem, but if it also fails in Linux, the hardware is defective.
Keep punching, ashrafohm; obviously, neither makkem nor I can test that system for you. All we can do is try to give you advice to help you diagnose the problem and figure out a way to solve it. I suggested using Linux first to determine the physical function of your hardware, which will either confirm that it is working, or confirm that it is defective. Once we know that, we'll have a better idea of what you should do next.
This is up to you; you won't have any problems figuring out how to use Ubuntu as long as you know how to use a mouse. Linux is different from Windows, but similar enough that you will quickly figure out how to use it to test your hardware. It also has built-in utilities for testing your hard drive and RAM, along with other useful programs.
Let us know what you learn, then we can put our heads together and try to help you figure out the best way to resolve this.