Give the disk-cloning operation another shot.
Try this Macrium Reflect Free program. It's available from...
http://www.majorgeeks.com/files/details/macrium_reflect_free_edition.html
We've used the program a number of times and by & large it was satisfactory. Here's some basic instructions for using the program...
1. Connect only your source & destination drives to the system. Disconnect any other storage devices, e.g., flash drives and USB external drives (unless, of course, the latter contains a drive that will be used in the disk-cloning operation).
2. Open the Macrium Reflect program that you installed on your source drive. The opening screen will list the two drives.
The various check boxes for both drives should be ticked.
3. The graphic of your source drive (presumably your C: drive) will display. Click on the graphic of your source drive and then click "Clone this disk".
4. The Clone screen will open and reflect the source disk. In the "Destination" area click "Select a disk to clone to". The graphic for the destination disk will display. Click on the graphic. The destination drive graphic will display in the Destination area.
Before going on double-check to ensure you have selected the correct source & destination disks. Click Next.
5. The Clone Summary information screen will display indicating the source and destination disks. Again, check to ensure you've selected the correct source & destination disks. Click Finish.
6. A confirmation message will appear warning that the destination drive will be overwritten by the disk-cloning process. Click Continue.
From your description of your laptop I assume it's equipped with two HDD bays. Is that so? If it is, following the disk-cloning operation with the destination disk presumably having been successfully cloned, ensure that the SSD is connected in the laptop's first bay.
BTW, what's the make/model of your laptop? I'd be interested in learning whether you're able to boot to a bootable drive in the second bay. So assuming the disk-cloning is successful could you also try booting from the HDD in the second bay to determine if that's successful? (I assume you may possibly plan to reorganize that HDD so that in the future it may not be a bootable device).
Let us know how it all works out and don't forget to let me know the make/model of your laptop. Thanks.