IP addresses are usually assigned by the OS when you don't have a DNS to provide one. Windows may be stuck with a dud.
Try this first:
In Windows go to Control Panel\Network and Internet\Network Connections, right-click on the adaptor and select "Diagnose". Follow the prompts. When finished do a complete "power off" reboot and test connectivity.
Try this second, if the first didn't work:
In Windows go to Control Panel\Network and Internet\Network Connections, right-click on the adaptor and select "Properties". In the dialog select "Configure". In the new dialog, on the "Advanced" tab, check each property to see if any specifies an IP address (something like "Locally administered address"). If you find one, it is forcing a specific IP address, preventing the Windows OS from setting its own, so write it down (just in case) and delete it or select "Not present". Exit dialog by selecting "OK" or "Apply".
When finished do a complete "power off" reboot and test connectivity.
Try this third, if the first two didn't work:
In Windows go to Control Panel\Network and Internet\Network Connections, right-click on the adaptor and select "Properties". In the dialog select "Internet Protocol version 4" and click "Properties". Make sure "Obtain an IP address automatically" is checked. If you have "Internet Protocol version 6", do the same here.
When finished do a complete "power off" reboot and test connectivity.