You are pushing it a bit, but it should handle the load, at least for some time. You might experience random reboots if running synthetic load that fills 100% on GPU + CPU simultaneously.
According to this
http://www.techpowerup.com/reviews/Sapphire/R9_290_Vapor-X/23.html , the R9 290 pulls up to 320W, or 27A
A system with the 4130 should pull around 212W (oced to 4.2GHz at 1.35V, with 1 mechanical HDD and 2 120mm fans)
http://www.extreme.outervision.com/psucalculatorlite.jsp , 212/12 = 18A
Total current pulled = 45A wich is 5A above the maximum rating but should never happen it real life. If the PSU can't handle it, lower the CPU clock to 4.1 and try to lower CPU voltage as well.
Edit: it's very strange for me, but the power calculator i linked recommends a 500W power supply for your system which is certainly not enough.
Your power supply isn't great as well, my CX500M (supposedly the same series) can supply 38A on the 12V rail although it is only 500W but supplies 456W on the 12V rail, while the CX600 only supplies 480W.