Yah, the issue, IIRC, is that many wifi adapters use NDIS, which is an interface specification. It apparently goes WAY back to Win 3.1 (!)...and having seen that, mmm. I remember, vaguely, trying to get network cards to work way back when. But since it's a Windows thing, Linux doesn't support it out of the box.
Go to the web page I linked to...since you can, now. Scroll down, and you'll see a table of manufacturers and interfaces. Click on your card's manufacturer, and you should get a list of all its cards/adapters. With any luck, you'll see comments/advice on how to set it up. And even just reviewing the comments (and the info throughout those pages) is informative.
If you do need to install the NDIS wrapper, it's available in the software center...just search for 'ndis.'