The Noctua is a huge cooler, it weighs 3 lbs. While it has a great bracket design for attaching to your motherboard, its still 3lbs of metal attached to the side of the board so yes, things can possibly go wrong. If the case is dropped, misshandled, etc. A number of reviewers have mentioned the fact that sometimes a system with an oversized cooler that is shipped to them has been damaged because of the wright of the cooler. Its something to be aware of and should be considered when buying it.
As for it if will fit in your case, unless someone happens by some miracle to know what case that is, we need you to tell us the model. Judging from the face that you're running what looks to be 80mm fans and the internal design is something out of the 90's, I'm guessing you're case is old enough that neither of your cooling options will work. I doubt its deep enough to handle the Noctua and unless you're going to cut new holes in the case there isnt going to be anywhere to mount the Corsair radiator.