About the only way I would say is do like I said. Forget overclocking return the BIOS settings to default and auto. Let the motherboard control the Vcore on auto setting...don't manually enter in a Vcore setting. Then run a stress test and see where your 4.4GHz turbo boost speed Vcore use is. Anywhere between 1.00v-1.20v is acceptable, with 1.12v-1.16v being the most common average range (according to reports of others). If your use is over 1.20v at stock speed, you may have had some damage already (damaged chips require more voltage to work than one not damaged). It doesn't mean it won't function fine, but it does mean its life will be shortened, especially if you overclock it.
Next you can try a mild overclock to say 4.6GHz on turbo. You should be somewhere in the range of 1.20v-1.30v needed for that. Anything higher may further validate there was some damage done. Over time, overclocking with voltage increases reduces the life of the chip anyway, but it is gradual (called CPU degradation). If you are within those tolerances of voltage in both tests, stock and overclock, I wouldn't worry about it. And it's really hard if not impossible to prove someone abused voltage on an overclock, so yeah, you likely wouldn't have much luck returning it anyway. Only way to make a reasonable assumption is to see where that chip's voltage use falls in line compared to others.
One side note: as an afterthought, even if you are slightly out of those voltage ranges mentioned, it may simply just mean that chip was not a good one from the factory (lower quality silicon, whatever). Some people get lucky and get a good chip that uses lower voltages than others (I got lucky with my i5 4690K).
Good luck!