I blame it having been 2AM but I will try to say it again.
I made a step. I can only host to friends now. My server doesn't show up on the list.
From that, I am assuming that your friends can join the server.
Since I myself don't have CoD, I am unfamiliar with how joining games works on it and as such, not sure why the server doesn't appear on the server list.
port 80 is closed on port ***********
That would be because you did not change the port to be tested on the page. http://www.yougetsignal.com/tools/open-ports/ It tries port 80 by default unless you change it, in this case it should be TCP port of the server, 28960
As with hosting any game servers, the host (you, your computer supposedly) cannot join the game using same IP as others. The reason is that you are on same network as the server and thus cannot tell the router to send the packets back to you.
According to you, the game does not support joining servers by entering IP address (I find it hard to believe, personally, server name, IP, same thing most likely)
In any case, if your friends can join the server as implied by first quote, it means that the port forwarding works. for you to join it, you will most likely have to use the computers local loopback adapter (127.0.0.1) to get the packets back to your computer and the server. This applies to you only.
IF the computers are in same house and network, you would have to use the internal IP you forwarded ports to (192.168.1.xxx) to join.
IF your friends are in their own houses and want to join the server, they would need to use the external IP (what is my IP google result) to connect, if the server doesn't appear on the list. For all I know, list might include only servers that have been up for 24 hours or have had X number of players or... who knows what.
It would be the first game I know which would not allow you to manually enter the computer/server you want to join though.