Positive pressure = more fans acting as intake than exhaust, think about it, they would BLOW into the case, increasing the pressure.
Negative pressure = more fans acting as exhaust than intake, think about it, they would SUCK out the case, decerasing the pressure.
Negative pressure is better for cooling because it eliminates any hot spots, but causes dust issues as the case will be getting air in anyway it can, which usually includes case seams, cracks, and unfiltered openings.
Positive pressure is better for keeping a clean case because you can put a filter on each intake fan, eliminating the dust potential. But this can cause pockets of hot air to form in the PC case.