AMD Family 15h processors (FX series) support per-core frequency change and have an embedded power sensor. I don't know accurate it is but it might be worth looking into. If you're running Windows, there's probably a utility from AMD that can read the power sensor and adjust the core frequencies; on Linux, it's easily readable via the hwmon subsystem using the fam15h_power driver (and, of course, you can use the userspace cpufreq governor to control the speed of the cores either manually or with a script).