Welcome to the TH Community, @Motteradam!
Could you please provide more details about your system's specs? What is the storage configuration and the OS version? I'd recommend you start with some basic troubleshooting steps in attempts to get the problematic HDD recognized by the system. You should check how the drive will get detected once you swap the SATA cable and the SATA port on the mobo where it is connected. If you have access to another working PC, try plugging the HDD there as well. The issue could be coming from a faulty connectivity to the drives, so changing the cables and ports is definitely the way to start.
If you are trying to clean install Windows onto the SSD,
unplug all the secondary HDDs from the system. If you have more than one SATA drive connected you are bound to encounter the so-called OS confusion which will cause even more booting problems. In order for the Windows install to be successful, make sure the SSD is in AHCI mode (SATA mode settings) and that it's present in the boot order.
Hope this helps. Let me know how it goes.
SuperSoph_WD