Don't worry about "Powered Hub" etc. That Hub that came with your case is only a place where you can plug in all of your case fans. Its gets power for all its fans from the PSU directly. There is NO risk that doing things this way will overload your mobo fan headers. But what I'll recommend now is that you don't even use that hub.
ALL fans connected to the hub supplied are being fed a full 12 VDC supply at all times, and there is NO control of any of them. Moreover, that way there is no way for the mobo headers to monitor the fans for failures or to show you their speeds. So for starters, the first thing you should do is change the way your CPU cooling system is connected. If you do that right, at least the CPU cooling will be under automatic control. How to do it right? Well, I gotta sympathize with you - the manual does not make that clear, and the video on the Corsair H110 website is only slightly helpful. But it has enough to figure it out. The CPU cooling system needs power to the Corsair pump and to the two fans on its rad, but apparently the H110 system does not do its own control of these fans using Corsair Link. It leaves control of CPU cooling to the mobo headers.
Fortunately, your mobo has enough headers to do this. You should plug the 3-pin fan cable from the Corsair pump unit into the mobo's W_PUMP header. Then plug your two Fractal Design rad fans into the CPU_FAN and CPU_OPT headers. You need to make one adjustment in BIOS Setup - see manual p. 2-50. under "Water Pump Control". Change that to PWM Mode. Now technically, this is not quite right, because the pump is a 3-pin system. BUT setting the header this way guarantees that it will always supply 12 VDC to the pump, so the pump will always run full speed. Then the two rad fans, which ARE under automatic control by their headers, will do all the CPU temperature control. IF you want, you can go back to p. 2-47 under CPU Q-Fan Control and change it from "Auto" to "PWM Mode" because that is what is needed for those 4-pin PWM-design fans. After these changes you need to save them, but WAIT a moment - there are a few more changes to make for your case fans.
For the case fans it is easy. ALL of the four fans that came with your case are of the 3-pin design, meaning that they can have their speed controlled ONLY by mobo headers that use Voltage Control Mode (aka DC Mode). Fortunately, your mobo has four CHA_FAN headers, and every one of them can be configured in BIOS Setup (see your manual, p. 2-48) to use DC Mode. In fact, the manual says they already are set to that mode by default, so you may not have to make an adjustment for that. You should be able simply to plug each of your case ventilation fans into a CHA_FAN header and it will work. HOWEVER, there is one adjustment you should make for each of those four fan headers. Under the heading CHA_FAN1-4 Q-Fan Source, the manual says they all are set to "CPU" by default, meaning they will be controlled according to the temperature sensor inside the CPU chip. You should change that to "MotherBoard" so the sensor used for your case fans is the one built into the motherboard. After you change that, remember to go through the SAVE and EXIT process to save all your custom fan settings.