As Ecky has stated by rough theoretical estimations, the 0.5GHz cpu would be ~14%higher in overall performance than the other one. However, this is purely theoretical. There are other factors that contribute to and define "performance". Commonly, we refer to performance in terms of single or multi threaded applications. In theory, that 14% would be that it does 14% better in single threaded performance. In multi-threaded performance, the estimations get tricky, as there are way too many things to consider than just clock speed.
Take this for an example:
A simple bench test people can use to test cpu performance is Cinebench (R15). I had a E8500, 3.16GHz, that I had overclocked to 3.7GHz, which would be a ~17% gain in clock speed. At stock, I obtained a score of 80 for single and 174 for mutli-threaded performance. After overclocking, it scored 100 in single and 192 in mutli. This would mean an observed increase of 25% in single threaded performance and 10.3% in multi-threaded performance.
As you can see, the E8500 actually gained more performance than expected in single-threaded performance, but much less than expected in multi-threaded performance. This is because the other factors that influence a cpu's performance aren't being affected much, if at all, when you simple crank up the clock speed.
Also, these increases will not provide you with any clear idea of the FPS gain you will see in games. Some games can utilize more cores effectively and some are less cpu intensive, requiring more work from the gpu rather than the cpu.
And you had mentioned that this was to compare Rzyen 7 and 5. Well first of all, Rzyen 7 chips are all 8core 16 thread chips, while Rzyen 5 chips are a mix of 4core 8threads and 6 core 12thread chips. The 6core 12thread variant, found in Rzyen 5, are actually the same chips as the Rzyen 7, just binned for a lower tier and having 2 cores disable. Comparing Rzyen 7 and 5 will be more than just looking at their clock speeds alone.
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