https://pcpartpicker.com/list/hdXCcc
For CPU I went with an Intel Core i5-6500, an all around great card where you will get the most "bang for your buck." CPU shouldn't bottleneck GPU unless you play CPU intensive games.
For motherboard, I went for the MSI - Z170A GAMING M5. I have to be honest, I don't know much about motherboards but I do know that it gives you 4 RAM slots in case you want to upgrade to 32 Gigs later. It also comes with 3 PCIe express slots in case you want to do SLI or Crossfire at a later time. (2 GPU's) Also, the red matches the GPU that we will be talking about here soon.
For the RAM I went with Corsair Vengeance LPX DDR4-3000 16GB. You don't really need more than 16GB unless you are a heavy worker with a lot of programs open at one time. The RAM is compatible with the motherboard and Corsair is a reliable brand.
For storage I went with the popular WD 1TB Blue Hard drive which contains 1TB of memory, which is enough and you can also install another one in the future if need be. I also put a Samsung EVO 850 250GB SSD, which will drastically speed up the start and load times of your PC. You should install your OS onto your SSD as well as any programs and games, then use your HDD for other general storage.
For the GPU I went with the very much known and good GPU, the GeForce GTX 1070 8GB. 8GB will be enough VRAM to run even the most demanding games. You can also play pretty much any game in Ultra 1080p. This card is also the sweet spot for 144hz which is perfect. You can overclock this card to get more performance but I would first look it up as it can harm your GPU. This card will serve you well, make sure the drivers are up to date though.
For the case I went with the NZXT Source 530 Full Tower case. I really like the designs of NZXT, simple and to the point. It has great airflow and tons of space for your expensive parts.
For the PSU I went for the EVGA SuperNova 650W 80+ Gold. This powersupply should give you enough power to keep your system running, and it is a 80+ Gold certification which means it is very reliable.
For the monitor I went with possibly the best entry level 144hz 1080p monitor, the ASUS VG248QE 24" monitor. 144hz is buttery smooth, and your components should be able to provide those 144hz to push it to its full potential. Should serve you well.
For the keyboard I went with the Corsair RGB Strafe. This keyboard is full RGB meaning you can change the color of it to basically any color. It has cherry MX red switches which are ideal for gaming as they have a fast activation time and personally, I think they sound cool. The design of this keyboard is great and so is the lighting.
For the mouse I went with the Razer DeathAdder Chroma, a well known cheap mouse for only $50. Can change any color and is reliable.
And lastly, for the headset I went with the HyperX Cloud II. It supports 7.1 Surround sound which sounds amazing, it has a great mic with good quality, it comes with either leather or foam earcups - whichever you prefer and is lightweight, sturdy, and comfortable. It's an amazing headset.
Total price came out to $1620.17, 20 bucks over your budget but i'm sure you will do just fine. If you have any questions then let me know and best of luck building your first PC
PS: The Mid Tower slipped my mind. You could definitely go with a Mid Tower case and save the $20.