All three options will be obsolete before they fail.
I would discount the A10 as a rule.
You buy a APU for the excellent integrated graphics.
But, there are no real good upgrades, particularly for a gamer.
If you install a superior discrete graphics card, you will have thrown away the big advantage of the APU.
Then, you are left with a relatively weak cpu. Most games depend on only a few fast cores.
The possible upgrades are to more cores, but few games will use more than 2-3 cores so more cores are not very helpful.
Bottom line.....
What you get with a APU is what you will live with forever.
My pick would be the G4560, it is a modern cpu and the lga1151 motherboard will offer you future upgrades.
I5 early generations may be a good buy at the right price.
But you may pay more for the necessary motherboard.
Dual gpu as an upgrade is not a good idea if there is a single good card that will do the job.
Dual gpu, particularly low end is prone to screen tearing and stuttering.
Some games do not support dual gpu.
I have no knowledge about Linux.