Windows 10 Boot Issues and Crashing - Likely culprit a new Hard Drive - Advice please

We're assuming the PC is a self-built "generic" desktop machine built by yourself or by someone else for you; that is to say it is NOT an OEM machine.

Given the scope of the problems you related the only practical troubleshooting you probably should pursue at this point is to "start over" as it were. No doubt you've already done many - possibly all the steps - I'm recommending but I'm attempting to be as inclusive as possible. Also, some of these steps may be "out of order" in your specific situation but again, I've tried to be as inclusive as I can because of the distance between us.

But before you do check to determine whether a BIOS update has been issued. If there's any indication that the BIOS update *directly* is relevant to the problem(s) you're experiencing, then install the update. If there's no indication of this or (as frequently happens) the manuf. has not described what the update impacts, then hold off installing the update until you undertake other diagnostic procedures.

Test the system's memory with Windows Memory Diagnostic tool. Start > Run > mdsched.exe

Get inside your desktop computer case (after disconnecting the A/C plug from your wall socket) and determine that the memory & graphics card are properly seated and all connections appear secure. Remove (disconnect) all peripheral devices including your HHD & SSD drive(s), optical drive(s), sound card, etc. Disconnect ALL storage devices, printers, and any other devices connected to the machine.

So that all you'll be working with is your motherboard, processor, heat sink, RAM, graphics card, power supply, keyboard & mouse. Better yet, should your motherboard have onboard graphics capability, disconnect your graphics/video card from the system. Just ensure that if in case there is a BIOS setting for onboard graphics display that BIOS setting is enabled since that setting is frequently disabled as the default setting.

Reconnect your A/C cord and power on the system.

What happens? Do you get a "normal" screen display? No error messages or strange notations?

Can you access your BIOS/UEFI without any difficulty at this point and review the CMOS-BIOS settings? Check the hardware monitor/PC Health in the BIOS to determine that all temps are within normal range?

It's conceivable the PSU may be defective. Unfortunately the only definitive way to tell is to substitute another PSU, although if you have a PSU power tester that might provide the answer.

And finally, a defective motherboard. Again, only a substitution will definitively determine if that component is the problem.

Assuming all is well at this point leave the system powered on for the next hour or so, checking to see if anything untoward shows up.

Using your reset button, try powering down & up a few times to determine if there are any problems there.

Now you can install your graphics card if you have one.

Should all appear well at this point this is an indication that there's nothing wrong with the basic components of your system. While not absolutely definitive this is so, it's a very strong indication that something else is amiss.

Check out the HDD (SSD) with the disk's diagnostic utility available from the disk's manufacturer. If it checks out OK make certain it's properly connected & configured to its motherboard's appropriate SATA port. Try changing the port and the disk's data cable should there be a problem booting to the disk or the system not detecting the drive.

All this, of course, is to rule out at least to some degree) that the problem is not hardware-related.

Finally, install any BIOS update.

Install your SSD boot drive and boot to the OS. Does it boot without incident and function problem-free?

Then install one secondary drive after another, ensuring that each secondary drive is performing problem-free. Test each drive with the manufacture's diagnostic program.

So in effect, you're rebuilding your PC and hopefully along the way you'll discover the precise cause of the problem. Or CAUSES of the problems!