windows 10, uses vga.sys to run its install mode, after that the updates will bring a basic windows 10 Amd Radeon driver to get you to 1024x768 or higher, then you just download the driver and install it. and you should be good to go.
but for your current problem may I suggest something less trying the following steps before you performs a complete wipe.
1. download DDU to desktop :
https://www.guru3d.com/files-details/display-driver-uninstaller-download.html
2. download new fresh copy of amd video card driver and save to desktop
3. run ddu as administrator and accept to goto safe mode, select clean drivers.
4. after reboot, install a fresh copy of the driver, and see if this solves the issue.