There are some things you can do with locked chipsets still. Usually limited to small BCLK adjustments. 100x42 = 4.2Ghz 103x42 = 4.326 and so on. Still an improvement, but most superficial.
As I recall my motherboard defaulted to 1.35 volts peak for my i7-7700k, which for stock clocks is a lot. Many people reach about 4.8Ghz with that core voltage. A more reasonable value might drop your temperatures significantly. Basically the same steps for overclocking, but you trend the core voltage down until you find an unstable point. Then bring it back up to the last working voltage, or a bit more if temperatures are good.
Best solution is to crack the CPU open and replace the TIM, but it isn't for everyone. If you can't afford to risk the processor, it isn't worth considering. You could also try returning/exchanging the CPU for another that runs a little cooler.