PCPartPicker part list:
https://ca.pcpartpicker.com/list/fD4Vqk
Price breakdown by merchant: https://ca.pcpartpicker.com/list/fD4Vqk/by_merchant/
CPU: AMD - Ryzen 3 1200 3.1GHz Quad-Core Processor ($129.99 @ Memory Express)
Motherboard: ASRock - A320M-DGS Micro ATX AM4 Motherboard ($50.00 @ Vuugo)
Memory: ADATA - 8GB (2 x 4GB) DDR4-3000 Memory ($95.99 @ PC-Canada)
Storage: Seagate - BarraCuda 1TB 3.5" 7200RPM Internal Hard Drive ($52.50 @ shopRBC)
Video Card: Zotac - GeForce GTX 1050 2GB Low Profile Video Card ($162.99 @ PC-Canada)
Case: Raidmax - Vortex ATX Mid Tower Case ($39.99 @ Newegg Canada)
Power Supply: Corsair - CX (2017) 450W 80+ Bronze Certified ATX Power Supply ($56.99 @ PC-Canada)
Total: $588.45
Prices include shipping, taxes, and discounts when available
Generated by PCPartPicker 2018-01-15 10:44 EST-0500
This is over budget, but the GTX 1050 is way more powerful and is more suited for your needs.
No need for an OS. If you do not mind a watermark, download the ISO off Microsoft page and install it and do not activate it.