No you would need an AM4 motherboard and DDR4 RAM at the least in order to use a R5 1600X.
Your board supports 2nd and 3rd gen i processors, so sandy bridge and ivy bridge. I linked the CPU support list for your board below, you can use any of those processors. Some may require a BIOS update if you are using an older BIOS for your board.
https://www.asus.com/Motherboards/B75MPLUS/HelpDesk_CPU/