It all depends on the specific cooler you are using or replacing. But generally GPU coolers particularly on higher end models are capable of handling more heat than a typical CPU cooler could comfortably handle. For reference stock 1080TI 250W TDP, 8700K 95W TDP.
If you wanted to somehow install something like a Noctua D15 on a GPU that would probably be more effective than the GPU cooler installed on the card, except that your Vram would no longer be cooled and you'd have to tweak the mounting and it'd likely be too big to fit without a GPU riser. But if you were planning to slap an Intel stock cooler on a GPU you'd likely see worse performance. And still have to modify the mounting and get a GPU riser.
So yes, you could do it but...