clemensvm :
okay, so be more precise:
The Motherboard: MSI H370M Bazooka + m.2 (S600/Pcie 3.0x4) slot
The M.2 card: Intel Optane 16 GB + M.2 pcie 3.0x2 slot
will it work without problems?
Isn't the Optane M.2 designed to slot in to an M.2 connector? If so, it won't slot directly in to a PCIe slot since, while M.2 uses the PCIe electrical interface standard, the mechanical interface is entirely different.
Do you mean with an interface adapter card? If Optane can use an IAC I'd imagine it would adhere to PCIe standards in that the 'slot' would automatically adapt itself to the bus width of the card plugged in, up to the maximum bus width the slot is wired for.
PCIe is very flexible that way: you can even plug an x16 card into an x1 slot and it would work at x1 bus width. Just cut out the back of the connector.