Yes, about 75% of the time that will cause a problem UNLESS the new build is VERY close in generation and platform to the old one. Even then, there are such significant changes between the hardware from different manufacturers, and on different generations, and most especially when changing from one camp platform to another (AMD to Intel, for example), that it becomes very difficult for that sort of transition to happen without problems.
Even when it DOES work, it's still usually not a good idea because we already know it can cause problems at some point due to the conflicting driver frameworks for things like the storage controller chipsets, CPU chipset, audio chipset and network adapters.
If the platform is very similar, you can...