How to get otherwise normal hard drive functioning in Windows 10 Disk Management again?

Jan 12, 2019
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I have a recently purchased hard drive that has been initialized, NTFS formatted, used for hours in an external enclosure reading/writing, but is now detectable yet unreadable by Windows 10. I cannot make any actions to the disk using Disk Management, as every single option is greyed out. A third party disk format software says it is able to erase and reformat the disk, but nothing happens after those actions are "complete." Windows Explorer displays a D: drive with a big question mark next to it. How can I get this drive functioning in Windows again? Thanks in advance for any help. More details below. Forgive me if I've missed any pertinent info - I'm a first-time poster.

The drive I purchased is a 2 TB Seagate BarraCuda bare hard drive.
The first issue: Windows 10 detects it but can't make any actions to it in Disk Management. All actions are greyed out, including Delete Volume. It says it is Online and a "Healthy (GPT Protective Partition)." There is no drive letter assigned (and I can't assign one). Aside from my OS drive, Windows Explorer displays a D: drive with a big question mark next to it. The drive has passed a Surface test using MiniTool Partition Wizard, and its SMART data is normal, so I'm afraid it's not RMA-able.
Second issue: 140 GB are missing in the detection. Windows originally saw approx. 2,000 GB total, now it sees 1,863 GB total.

System info and troubleshooting steps I've tried are below.

At first, I was able to initialize it and format it NTFS GUID in an external enclosure connected with USB. I used it for many hours transferring files from another drive to it, and was able to read those copied files (double-checking the transfers were working properly). Once my transfers were complete, I wanted to place it internally in my system, so I powered everything down and swapped it with an older functioning drive, using the same SATA cable and port on the motherboard, then powered everything back up. Windows detected the drive in Disk Management but not anywhere else, as described above. I tried:
1. Resetting my BIOS
2. Reseating the cables, and using a new SATA cable, as well as trying different SATA ports on the motherboard
3. Taking the drive out and connecting it to my Mac, which was able to detect the drive, and wiped and reformatted it FAT
4. Placed the drive back in my PC (this is the point at which Windows said the drive was 140 GB smaller than it used to be)
5. Installed MiniTool Partition Wizard 10.3, then Deleted All Partitions and Created a New NTFS GUID partition (drive letter D was supposed to be assigned). MiniTool said all operations were successful, though no drive letter was assigned and there was no change to the drive's functionality either.

Since taking the hard drive out of the external enclosure that very first time, the drive has never been readable by Windows and has never had a drive letter. It has also always shown a "healthy" status.

System info:
Processor --- Intel Core i7-6700K 4.00 GHz
RAM --- 8 GB x 2 DDR4 2400 G.SKill Ripjaws
Motherboard --- Gigabyte G1 Gaming 3 Z170X LGA 1151
OS --- Windows 10 Pro 1803
Storage --- Samsung 850 EVO SSD 250 GB bootable drive, ***Seagate BarraCuda 2 TB hard drive (PROBLEM DRIVE)***
 
Jan 12, 2019
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Thanks USAFRet for your response. I haven't run the manufacturer's diagnostics yet. I just downloaded it and will run it now.

And I haven't contacted the manufacturer for replacement since I have yet to have a test tell me that something is definitively wrong with the drive, which I'm guessing is what they would tell me if I shipped it back to them.

UPDATE: I ran all of Seagate's SeaTools "short" diagnostics and the drive passed all. I'm running the "long" diagnostics now.
 
Jan 12, 2019
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Can you show screenshot from Disk Management?
Sure, SkyNetRising: http://i67.tinypic.com/2z7gy8o.png

That is a screenshot with me right clicking on the partition of the drive that was created when I tried formatting the drive on my Mac. The text that is covered up just says "232.88 GB Healthy (GPT Protective Partition)."

A "2TB" drive will report as 1.81TB.
And thanks for clearing that up for me, USAFRet. I thought I had seen Windows display a different value in Disk Management originally, but I must be mistaken.
 
Jan 12, 2019
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Clean it.
diskpart
list disk
select disk 0
clean
exit

I hope, you don't need anything recovered from this drive.
Thanks SkyNetRising. No, I don't need anything from the drive - I have backups. I aborted the "long" diagnostic test I was doing on the drive, and followed your command line instructions. That worked perfectly to give me back control of the drive in Windows. For my or anyone else's education, any idea what was going on?
 
If I have to guess, you probably did that with Minitool Partition Wizard.
It's rather powerful tool and if you're not sure, what you're doing, then pretty exotic results are possible.

GPT protective partition initially was small - 128MB. Then you extended it to 232GB with Minitool partition wizard.
Then you tried to do something with Disk Management, but it can't operate with GPT protective partition.