SATA and SATA2 are modes for the controllers, both on the motherboard and on the drive. Cabling and so forth are the same.
As far as USB 2.0 to SATA adapters, well, SATA2 is irrelevant there as USB 2.0 is only half the speed of SATA to begin with. Some adapters might have problems with some SATA2 drives, but those drives have a jumper to make them SATA1.