I'm going to do this in metric, as an example 1g is accelerating by 10m/s in 1 s, i.e. bringing something to a deadstop in 1 sec from 10m/s (or 30ft / sec). In more real terms this is the same at 22mph to 0 in 1 sec.
Therefore from 22mph (10m/s or 30ft/s) down to 0 in 0.5sec is 2G, in 0.05sec is 20G or 0.005sec is 200G.
To decelerate something light in 0.005s from 20mph might not required something too hard, so a hard surface could see you hitting 200G very easily. If it bounces then over a time period it would have seen a larger change in velocity >22mph and may have therefore seen a greater G force.
As you can see by changing the time taken to decelerate an object the G force experienced can be changed. This is how car crumple zones work, they expand the time during which an object is slowed down by allowing the forces to collapse them.
I think that for something like a harddrive to come to a deadstop (exlcuding bouncing) it will take a lot less time than 0.005s, hence even a small drop will be bad news.
If we imagine dropping something, then the height at which it takes 1 sec to reach the floor will mean it is travelling at 10m/s, and if I've done my sums right this should be about a 5m (15ft) height.
The short answer, walking with your laptop should not be a problem, walking into something with your laptop (in a bag) should not be a problem as it will take a long time to slow down, and you are unlikely to travelling at 22mph whilst walking, even with it swinging.
There is a final point, most Gmax measures are taken in 3 axis's i.e. X,Y and Z (left-right, up-downand backward-forward) devices will often be more suseptible to damage in one axis more than another, or X might be 200G, but not Y or Z for instance.
Hope this all helps.