Car paint should not coagulate if using the correct thinner at the correct ratio (don't dick around with mixing how you like it, follow the instruction from the manufacturer for your application and learn to use it correctly, thicken it up and gimp your finnish, thin it down and risk a run or worse) , in the uk traditional paint is banned commercially (maybe not for public use) and waterbase is used for undercoat, thus in this case obviously water should be used to thin, preferably distilled or reverse osmosis water; if using traditional paint or laquer 2k thinner should be used. If you are doing this and your paint is going bad, buy better paint, it pays. Garages store the stuff for months, it is too expensive to chuck after a spraying session.
You also should not need to worry about cups, keep a premixed 'mixing cup' and get handy at topping up on the fly, it becomes very easy very quickly.
Besides, an airbrush is not the tool for the job, it is a detail/highlight tool for art; get a HVLP touch up gun (1/2 - 1/4 scale gun) and set it to 2.2 bar pressure if you have a compressor with a good CFM rating. They are a similar price and the work wont look crap. Good quality aerosols are a good option, not halfords or diy shop crap, a good paint shop or garage will pre mix and can it for you with proper paint (i used to do this at one of the garages i worked at when requested). The only drawback is you will need to keep the nozzle perfect and use a cellulose based laquer opposed to a 2 pack laquer. Fine in most application except external, it wont be as tough unless baked on well.
Since you are asking to use a tool that is not at all suited here is a quick 101 in case you need it
The trick is this:
Preperation is
the most important part, a bad job will make a good coat of paint look rubbish, a good job will make the paint application easier too. Use the correct primer for the application on any unpainted areas (plastic, cellulose, high build or etch primer) and apply to a 240 (dry) grit key minimum, you can work up to that grade should you need to remove any flaws. Prime, three good coats over where it is needed (you only need to prime things that are not sealed with paint already, spot priming metal/plastic/filler areas only on a repair is common and good practice), allow to touch dry then add a dust coat of black any primer to highlight scratches when flatting. Once set flat with 400 (dry) grit minimum, i recommend 800 wet and dry, proceed until all the dust coat is gonee, if you rub through reapply or the colour coat will sink.
Now give it a panel wipe to remove any silicon or grease, or prepare to waste your paint on a reaction, especially with plastics. Finnish with a tac rag and warm it up to a moderate temp >30C if you are new to it or it will dust up on contact (if too warm), if you dont warm it up you are asking for a run. Make sure the area is free of dust (ventilation is key) and wet the floor to lock down any dust down near the job.
Then finding the correct distance and pace is key (between 1 - 2 feet away depending on the gun), keep the gun perpendicular to the job, move steady and at a moderate pace. Better not enough and dry than too wet and a run, a run is a disaster, you can almost garuntee your back to stage 1, if dry (powdery) you can bake it off, wet flat it smooth with 800 + and then continue until a good coverage is achieved.
Once you are happy with coverage let it dry (touch dry) if the finish is fair proceed, otherwise wet flat with 1200 - 1500 wet and dry before laquer. Laquer is next and best applied first as a dust coat to seal the work, then allowed to warm up. If you have the knack now you want it warmer than before and to apply a heavier coat, if not then apply as base coat.
Now get it as hot as you can to a max of around 65C for an hour or two to bake it, or leave it in a warm place for an extended period of time, you can go higher but go easy not to burn anything. If it looks poor at the end (orange peel or too dry) provided you gave a good coat of laquer you can wet flat it smooth with 1500 - 2000 wet and dry and polish with a good compound like farcela g3.
Silvers (metallic) are the hardest to get a consistent finish on, and darker colours like black highlight preperation flaws. Lighter colours like white hide preperation flaws.
Best of luck, be confident and it becomes a walk in the park
Source: I am i time served paint and motor vehicle repair technician.