The graphics card shouldn't be directly affecting your other system hardware besides obviously drawing too much current! but that seems not to be the prob...
The most damage a 'dead' gpu would do is cause a failure to boot or a conflict with another piece of hardware due to bios settings.
Can you access your optical drive in dos/linux/a 2nd version of windows (if you dualboot)or any other alternative os?
If so, then its a driver/api/dll issues in windows. Quickest and cheapest way would be to wipe and reinstall from scratch. Or, if you still have your old card, reinstall that to see if the issues has been fixed. If it isn't then maybe your drive is faulty.
If not (from above) then its either a dead optical drive, or some BIOS setting which is incorrect. Having not ahd this problem, all i can suggest if looking in the bois is checlking PCI/Pnp config, hardware assignments/irq, disabling any "graphics turbo boosters"