Disc labeled as "Unformatted or Damaged"

[Distraction]

Well, I decided to try out Debian and told it to install on 20 gigs of unpartitioned space I had set for it. It did, but must have damaged my other partitions. Which have a lot of work on. They're listed as "unformatted or damaged", but there's a separate "unknown" partition that Debian is located on. So I think that the data's still there.

What I need is someway to repair the drive without reformatting it. I'd settle for being pointed to a good software recovery program, though.

 

[gent]

Listed as Unformatted or Damaged in what?
What is the partitioning?
What versions of Windows and Debian?
How did you install Debian?