I need a UPS with pure sine wave output. When the specification says "pure sine wave" or "sine wave" (I've noticed e.g. APC uses word "pure" nowhere), does it mean the output is pure sine wave comparable with the utility power?
Or is the "pure sine wave" only a better approximation of a stepped sine wave? In that case what is the cheapest UPS with the best sine wave available?
Matter of fact, they don't even state 'pure' on their $10-20k ups's. If you have a problem with their style of naming, you can email them a complaint. Pure isn't a word manufactures have to use, some use it, some don't. In reality, there's no such thing as a trully pure sine wave ups. Find your nearest Electrical Engineering company or school and they'll be glad to explain this to you.
http://www.apc.com/resource/includ [...] watts=4000 http://www.apc.com/resource/includ [...] watts=2000
You don't necessarily need the best sine wave for general home pc's.
What are you trying to do? Is this for Hi-fi A/V? Medical equipment?
I need to back-up every kind of equipment. Wattage is not an issue but what I need is a prolonged running time on battery. And I have bad experience with stepped sine wave UPS. The PSU of my computer started buzzing every time it was on battery in such a way I was feeling it's going to explode. It was like very high voltage wires.
As I found the PSU manufacturer doesnt recommend using stepped sine wave but I had the same problem with monitor and other equipments (albeit they weren't buzzing that loud). So it's more UPS than PSU issue.
I presume you already know that utility power is anything but a pure sine wave...
What?
No, I don't know that. As far as I remember physics the power is generated by a magnetic rotor inside a magnetic stator (sorry for bad translation) - what should generate pure sine wave.
In reality, there's no such thing as a trully pure sine wave ups.
what? can you elaborate or post a link to some articles that address this issue? Does it mean that every UPS I eventually buy will stress the connected equipments when running on battery?
Email APC for any further questions you have, your the costumer and it's your money.
GPU.
I did (actually the same time as I was setting up this thread). But I need some independent opinions because the sellers will never tell you everything (even if they are ultra-fair to their customers they still have an insider view which causes distorted perception).
That's why I need some independent opinions and I thank to everyone who gives me some!
I took a look at the output of my APC sine-wave UPS and it is noticeably cleaner than the mains itself; so purity may no longer be an issue (The various local loads distort the mains).
Message edited by shiekh on 08-15-2008 at 09:44:51 PM
I'll try to make a quick comment here. Most UPS's use cheap and easy methods to provide 120VAC outputs. They switch abruptly for each cycle using components like SCR's or High Current Darlingtons - but they have minimal filtering to keep the expense and complexity down. The output is more of a square wave than a smooth sine wave. If you're familiar with some of the engineering, it's 60 Hz +/- a lot of other frequencies that you don't need.
When used with older equipment with transformer power supplies - including computers (they have pretty decent filtering) - no harm is done. The non-60 Hz frequencies are either rectified into DC with a little more noise or filtered.
But these UPS's pose a danger to newer solid state equipment. Solid State power supplies use SCR's to produce DC from AC. They are designed for sine wave power, using a specific voltage level to trigger a particular side of the DC conversion. (on the positive and negative swings). When the SCR is on, it is conducting full current. When they are using norman sine waves, it is turned on for only a small portion of each cycle.
But when the power is a square wave, the voltage threshold is reached almost immediately per cycle. This causes the SCR to be turned on for about 90% of the time. The components will overheat and burn out if not protected. This means a dead power supply in that brand new $4,000 LED TV. If I pull the plug on mine, I can hear the TV power supply switching violently (it makes a rather audible 'eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee' sound. That's not good for more than a few minutes - the SCR's will overheat and die.
Be VERY careful when using cheap UPS's on new televisions. They work well to prevent damaging undervoltage or long time variant spikes due to power line disconnects (or lightning triggered interrrupts), but they are NOT to be used long term. If you have the money, buy a "pure sine wave" product. It will be more expensive and bigger due to the filtering and regulation components, and a bit less efficient, but it will provide power to your equipment in a form it was designed for.
Desertengeneer. Minor Disagreement, As a shi%$^ input to a xformer can cause it to "Sing", overheat, or burn a winding open.
Nonsineasodiol waveforms poise a big problem for transform input. Example (Extreme case) if you applied a 120 VAC sinewave to a 10 to 1 stepdown xformer, you get a nice 12 VAC output. If you were to apply a 120 VAC squarewave you would get a positive spike with a short decay to zero then a neg spike decaying to zero (Delay will look like a RC curve. The output of the transformer is zero during the plateaus (Eout is dependent on rate of change – there is no rate of change for a square wave except durning the leading and lagging edges. This leads to rapid distruction of the Xformer as Current is only limited by the DC resistance of the winding, Very high, as opposed to the higher X sub L reactance. UPS typically have a very poor output waveform with the cheaper ones having a sharp leading edge..
As you pointed out the output is typically a pulse modulation of sinewave controlling the on time. It is the transition from on to off that creates the problem (as you pointed out). Also as you pointed out this sharp transition (Composed of very High freq) is what causes the eeeeeeeeee sound.
I would ask the manf to provide a waveform of the output under MAX recommended loads.
Cost, size, and Weight (emphasis on COST) are the determining factors. A true Sinewave cannot be produced by a switcher PS unless that output is rectified and used as the DC to a RCL, or Xstal controlled oscillator and applied transistor amplifier. For High current this is rather large and costly (also low effiency).
Might be cheaper to buy a generator.
Message edited by RetiredChief on 10-07-2009 at 06:41:43 PM