I would say the more powerful the desktop GPU, the greater the decrease in performance the mobile version will have. That's primarily due to both power consumption and heat generated by the video card.
For example, if there was a mobile version of the nVidia 9600GT, I would say the performane hit will probably be about 20% since the desktop version uses 60w of power.
If there was a mobile version of the GTX 260, then I would say the performance hit will probably be about 40% - 50% because it consumes around 120w of power (off the top of my head).