OK, if I guess right from your posts, you are sure the mobo supports SATA II, not just older original SATA. You say you booted into BIOS Setup and configured the ports correctly, but the Save and Exit did not work. That part needs more detail. If the Save failed somehow, the BIOS parameters may still be wrong. But if the Save and Exit followed by rebooting went OK until the end of the POST process, then failed somewhere during loading Windows from the boot drive, there may be a Windows software issue, not a hardware problem. However, your last post says somehow you are past that problem and can boot up.
So, let us assume from your last post that the BIOS is set right and you actually can boot successfully into Windows. The problem is simply that you cannot "see" the SECOND hard drive in My Computer, even though the first drive (the boot drive called C: ) is there. We'll look in Disk Management for info, and maybe a fix.
Click on Start and in the menu RIGHT-click on My Computer and choose "Manage". In the resulting window expand "Storage" if necessary and click on "Disk Management". The window will show you two panes on the right side, and each of them scrolls so you can see all their contents. The UPPER RIGHT pane shows you all the drives Windows CAN use now, so you should see your C: drive there and probably your optical drive. The LOWER RIGHT pane has a bunch of horizontal blocks, each representing different hardware drive units in the case. One will be for your boot device, and at its left end will be a small block with a label like "Disk_0", a size, and a couple of other details. To its right will be a large horizontal block representing the major Partition on this unit (it may take up all of the space) that Windows treats as one "Drive". It will have a volume name like "OS" or "Boot Drive" or "Harry's PC" or whatever you named it long ago, the letter name (C: ) that Windows uses for this drive, a size, a Status, and maybe a couple other things. On some HDD units there may be more space to the right of this block to represent either additional Partitions or Unallocated Space, but my guess is that yours does not show stuff like that.
There also will be another big block representing your optical drive, but it won't have separate Partitioning blocks inside it.
Now, there should be a big block representing your second hard drive unit, and its left end will have a small block with a label like "Disk_1", its size, etc. To the right will be a sub-block representing its major Partition, just like the other drive that has the C: Partition on it. Big question here: does the second drive's big Partition block show you its letter name, like E:? If not, Windows does not have a name for it and cannot use it. In that case, RIGHT-click on the Partition block and choose from the menu to Change its Name. Give it any letter name not already in use. Exit out of Disk Management and reboot your machine so Windows can start to use that new name. This may have solved your problem and My Computer may now see the second drive. If not, go back into Disk Management and look again at that second drive block in the lower right pane. Post here what it says about the disk and its Partition, and maybe that info will help us figure out what to do next.