Dual-link DVI is a newer type of DVI plug, that's identifiable by the fact that it has no gap in the main "grid" of digital pins. Single-link DVI has two 3x3 squares of digital pins, of which 6 (the ones farthest from the analog "cross" of pins at the opposite end) are data pins. there is a small-ish gap between them.
With a dual-link DVI plug, that gap is filled in by an additional 6 digital data pins, bringing the total to 12. The other 12 include 4 shielding pins, a +5v/ground pair to provide standby power, and 6 other clock/signal/sync pins. (none of which need to be doubled for a higher-res monitor)
Alternatively, BEFORE dual-link plugs existed, the same effect was achieved by using two single-link DVI cables. However, pretty much all modern video cards in the past several years use dual-link ports.