It's pretty simple, you're overthinking it a bit...
You can start by OCing core or memory or both. I don't recommend both since it makes it harder to determine what caused something to go wrong (freeze/crash/blank screen etc). Generally making 25mhz increases is a good way to go. Test with FurMark, yes. I do only about 3 minute checks initially and then about 5 or 6 minutes when I really want to check stability. Basically, after 4 mins or so the temps should be leveling out, and temps (especially VRM temps) are a major issue. If FurMark is stuttering a lot or artifacts, stop the test and drop your clocks a bit. Artifacting sometimes requires a PC reboot to get rid of. If FurMark is stable for up to 10 mins let's say, then get to gaming but remember that games can stress GPUs differently and sometimes require an additional 10mhz underclock.
GPUZ is a good temp monitor since it will give you all the temp sensors not just GPU core 1. (IE: RAM and VRM temps too which are usually hotter than the GPU)
There may or may not be a sweet spot for core/mem speed ratios. The higher the better in both cases. Memory speed has a lot to do with anti aliasing and such. Testing it in FurMark, run 4xAA or higher. Core speed gives you raw rendering power. With 0xAA you'll see big differences from core OCing. In actual game performances, they use the memory and core a lot so you want both as high as possible.